An Appraisal of the Effectiveness of Community Health Workers in Malaria Control in Borno State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Malaria remains a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria accounting for a significant proportion of global cases and deaths (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). The disease, caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes, is particularly prevalent in states like Borno, where environmental and socioeconomic conditions favor its transmission (Nigeria Centre for Disease Control [NCDC], 2024).
Community health workers (CHWs) play a critical role in malaria control, especially in hard-to-reach areas affected by conflicts and poor healthcare infrastructure (Aliyu & Bello, 2023). Their responsibilities include malaria diagnosis, distribution of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), health education, and administration of antimalarial drugs (Usman et al., 2024). The effectiveness of CHWs in malaria control has been documented in several regions, but there is limited research specifically assessing their impact in Borno State.
Given the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Borno, where displacement and insecurity have disrupted healthcare services, evaluating the effectiveness of CHWs is crucial for optimizing malaria control strategies (Mohammed & Ibrahim, 2023). This study aims to assess the contribution of CHWs to malaria control in Borno State, identifying strengths, challenges, and areas for improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Despite various malaria control interventions, including mass drug administration and the distribution of ITNs, malaria remains endemic in Borno State (NCDC, 2024). The presence of internally displaced persons (IDPs), poor sanitation, and limited healthcare infrastructure exacerbate the situation (Ogunleye et al., 2023). CHWs have been deployed to bridge healthcare gaps, but there is limited empirical evidence on their effectiveness in malaria prevention and treatment in the state.
Challenges such as inadequate training, logistical constraints, and insecurity may hinder the impact of CHWs on malaria control (Okonkwo & Yusuf, 2024). Without a clear assessment of their role, policymakers may struggle to improve malaria control efforts effectively. This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of CHWs in Borno State's malaria control efforts, providing recommendations for enhancing their performance.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the effectiveness of community health workers in malaria control in Borno State.
2. To identify the challenges faced by CHWs in implementing malaria control strategies.
3. To propose strategies for improving the role of CHWs in malaria prevention and treatment.
Research Questions
1. How effective are community health workers in malaria control in Borno State?
2. What challenges do CHWs face in implementing malaria control interventions?
3. What measures can enhance the effectiveness of CHWs in malaria control?
Research Hypotheses
1. Community health workers significantly contribute to malaria control in Borno State.
2. Logistical constraints and insecurity negatively impact the effectiveness of CHWs.
3. Strengthening CHW training and support systems will improve malaria control outcomes.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the role of CHWs in malaria control in selected communities within Borno State. Limitations may include difficulties in accessing conflict-affected areas and reliance on self-reported data from CHWs and residents.
Definitions of Terms
• Community Health Workers (CHWs) – Trained health workers providing essential healthcare services at the community level.
• Malaria Control – Strategies and interventions aimed at reducing malaria transmission and morbidity.
• Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) – Mosquito nets treated with insecticides to prevent malaria transmission.
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